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Chandra X-ray Image
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(Credit: NASA/CXC/GSFC/U.Hwang et al.)

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Puppis A:
Chandra Reveals Cloud Disrupted By Supernova Shock



Credit: Chandra: NASA/CXC/GSFC/U.Hwang et al.; ROSAT: NASA/GSFC/S.Snowden et al.

The Chandra three-color image (inset) of a region of the supernova remnant Puppis A (wide-angle view from ROSAT in blue) reveals a cloud being torn apart by a shock wave produced in a supernova explosion. This is the first X-ray identification of such a process in an advanced phase. In the inset, the blue vertical bar and the blue fuzzy ball or cap to the right show how the cloud has been spread out into an oval-shaped structure that is almost empty in the center. The Chandra data also provides information on the temperature in and around the cloud, with blue representing higher temperature gas.

The oval structure strongly resembles those seen on much smaller size scales in experimental simulations of the interaction of supernova shock waves with dense interstellar clouds (see sequence of laboratory images). In these experiments, a strong shock wave sweeps over a vaporized copper ball that has a diameter roughly equal to a human hair. The cloud is compressed, and then expands in about 40 nanoseconds to form an oval bar and cap structure much like that seen in Puppis A.

On a cosmic scale, the disruption of l0-light-year-diameter cloud in Puppis A took a few thousand years. Despite the vast difference in scale, the experimental structures and those observed by Chandra are remarkably similar. The similarity gives astrophysicists insight into the interaction of supernova shock waves with interstellar clouds.

Understanding this process is important for answering key questions such as the role supernovas play in heating interstellar gas and triggering the collapse of large interstellar clouds to form new generations of stars.

Fast Facts for Puppis A:
Credit  Chandra: NASA/CXC/GSFC/U.Hwang et al.; ROSAT: NASA/GSFC/S.Snowden et al.
Scale  ROSAT image is 88 arcmin across; Chandra image 8 arcmin across
Category  Supernovas & Supernova Remnants
Coordinates (J2000)  RA 08h 23m 08.16s | Dec -42° 41´ 41.40"
Constellation  Puppis
Observation Date  04 Sep 2005
Observation Time  10 hours
Obs. ID  5564
Color Code  Energy (Red 0.4-0.7 keV; Green 0.7-1.2 keV; Blue 1.2-10 keV)
Instrument  ACIS
References U. Hwang et al. 2005, ApJ 635, 355, astro-ph/0508243
Distance Estimate  About 7,000 light years
Release Date  February 15, 2006